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Brazilian Antarctica ((ポルトガル語:Antártida Brasileira) or ''Antártica Brasileira'') is the name of the Antarctic territory south of 60°S, and from 28°W to 53°W, proposed as "Zone of Interest" by geopolitical scholar Therezinha de Castro.〔(Canadian Polar Commission - Meridian (p. 5) ) Canadian Polar Commission. Retrieved on 2010-10-23.〕〔(It's not just science that's an experiment in Antarctica ) Exploratorium. Retrieved on 2010-10-23.〕〔(World Statesmen.org: Antarctic Territorial Claims ) Worldstatesmen.org. Retrieved on 2010-10-23.〕 While the substance of that designation has never been precisely defined, it does not formally contradict the Argentine and British claims geographically overlapping with that zone. The country formally expressed its reservations with respect to its territorial rights in Antarctica when it acceded to the Antarctic Treaty on 16 May 1975, making the first official mention of the Frontage Theory, which states (simplified) that sovereignty over each point in Antarctica properly belongs to the first country whose non-Antarctic territory one would reach when travelling north in a straight line from such a point.〔(La Antátida (p. 6) ) Asociación de Funcionarios y Empleados del Servicio Exterior Ecuatoriano. Retrieved on 2010-10-23. .〕〔(O Projeto Brasileiro para a Antartica (p. 119) ) Revista Brasileira de Política Internacional. Retrieved on 2010-10-23. .〕 The Frontage Theory (''Teoria da Defrontação'') was proposed by Brazilian geopolitical scholar Therezinha de Castro and published in her book ''Antártica: Teoria da Defrontação''. Outside the zone of interest, Brazil maintains a permanent staffed research facility, the Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base (UN/LOCODE: AQ-CFZ), located in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, near the tip of the Antarctic Peninsula, at . == History == In 1982 the Brazilian government launched their first Antarctic expedition, and a year later built their first base (named Comandante Ferraz, for a deceased naval officer active in Antarctica), which has been active year-round since then. Despite their status as newcomers, Brazilian geopolitical writers have had considerable influence on the nation’s Antarctic policies (especially during the period of military dictatorship under a series of unelected general/presidents from 1964 to 1985), although there is not a national Brazilian Antarctic consciousness similar to that of Argentina or Chile. In February 1991, President Fernando Collor de Mello reaffirmed Brazil's interest in the region by visiting the Brazilian Antarctic base, where he spent three days. He was the first Brazilian president to set foot in the Antarctic.〔(Brazil Warms to Job of Exploring the Frozen Continent Antarctica: President Collor pays a visit, pointing up the country's interest in the bottom of the world ) Los Angeles Times. Retrieved on 2009-07-15.〕 In January 2008, 13 congressmen members of the Brazilian Antarctica Parliamentary Committee visited the Brazilian Antarctic base.〔(Parlamentares que visitaram a Antártida já estão no Brasil ). Chamber of Deputies of Brazil. Retrieved on 2009-07-15. 〕 Another visit by the members of Congress took place in January 2009.〔(Deputados visitam Antártida para conhecer pesquisas na região ) Chamber of Deputies of Brazil. Retrieved on 2009-07-15. 〕 On February 16, 2008, President Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva and a delegation of twenty-three people, including the First Lady Marisa Letícia, visited country's base in Antarctica. The Brazilian Government defined the presidential trip as a "political gesture" in support of the work displayed by Brazilian scientists and military personnel.〔(President Lula da Silva visits Brazilian base in Antarctica ) MercoPress. Retrieved on 2009-07-15.〕〔(Lula Visits a Piece of Brazil in Antarctica and Gets Emotional ) Brazzil Magazine. Retrieved on 2009-07-15.〕 In 2009 Brazil made its first national scientific expedition to the Antarctic ice sheet.〔( Brazil: 2009/2010 Annual Information (Brazilian National Multidisciplinary Expedition to the Antarctic Ice Sheet: investigating the cryospheric response to global changes) ) Antarctic Treaty System. Retrieved on 2010-10-23.〕〔(Brasil instalará puesto avanzado en interior de la Antártida ) Fundación Nuestro Mar. Retrieved on 2010-10-23. .〕 The expedition integrated atmospheric, glaciological, geological and geophysical studies along the Patriot Hills area and also along the subglacial lake Ellsworth area.〔 A second expedition is scheduled for early November 2011, when researchers will install a monitoring station (advanced outpost) 310 miles from the Geographic South Pole and 1,600 mi from the Comandante Ferraz Brazilian Antarctic Base (EACF).〔(Pesquisadores brasileiros preparam 2ª expedição à Antártica ) Governo Brasileiro. Retrieved on 2010-10-23. .〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Brazilian Antarctica」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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